Age-related macular degeneration and its complication, subretinal neovascularization, are common causes of progressive, irreversible impairment of central vision. Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has improved the visual outcome and provided an evolution in the treatment of retinal disease. The current four antiVEGF drugs – pegaptanib, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab – have been administered for many years. A new anti-VEGF agent, brolucizumab, was approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in late 2019 for the treatment of wet agerelated macular degeneration. Brolucizumab is a novel single-chain fragment variable antibody that inhibits all isoforms of VEGF-A and has been suggested to have more tissue penetration. Despite all the benefits, there are some reports of serious Side effects that need to be understood in managing patients. Brolucizumab has been reported to cause occlusive retinal vasculitis in the setting of intraocular inflammation, which has not been seen in other anti-VEGF medications. A PubMed and Scopus search was performed and all article types were included. In the present article, we have reviewed the reported Side effects of brolucizumab.

Background: This research aimed to assess the effect of kombucha tea on reducing cholesterol (HCH) uptake and ameliorating biochemical and physiological Side effects of high cholesterol diets. Objectives: The aim of this research was evaluate the effectiveness of Kombucha tea in reducing cholesterol uptake as well as pathological and immunological Side effects from high cholesterol diets in Rabbit. Methods: A total of 32 rabbits were assigned into four groups: 1. Control, fed with standard pellets; 2. HCh+St, fed with high cholesterol diet; 3. HCh+Kom, fed with high cholesterol diet and orally received kombucha beverage; and 4. Kom+St, orally received kombucha beverage along with standard diet. Then, the blood Cholesterol (CHO), Triglycerides (TG), Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL), Malondialdehyde (MDA), ferritin, Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and liver enzymes (alanine transaminase [ALT], and aspartate transaminase [ AST]), as well as liver histopathological features, were evaluated in all groups. Results: CHO and TG showed the highest level in the blood of the HCh+St group, whereas those gavaged with HCh+Kom displayed no change in TG and LDL. Conversely, the HCh+Kom group showed a significant increase in HDL when compared with HCh+St and Kom+St groups. MDA ferritin and CPK in the Kom+St group was significantly higher than the other groups, followed by HCh+Kom. No significant difference was observed in the values of IL-1 and IL-6 as well as ALT and AST between the experimental groups and the control group. Histopathological observations of the liver tissues revealed foam cells with an acidophilic appearance in the HCh+St group and hyperemia in the sinusoid of HCh+Kom and Kom+St groups. Degradation in pancreatic acini was observed in the HCh+St rabbits. Conclusion: The data suggest that kombucha consumption is effective in preventing problems caused by high cholesterol diets.

Most life-threatening Hematological Side effects of antiepileptuc drugs are conSidered to be idiosyncratic and include:1. Aplastic anemia and bone marrow suppression: felbamate and carbamazepine Informed consent is necessary before prescribing felbamate and CBC and liver function tests should be done before treatment and every 1–2 weeks during the first year of therapy. 2 - Leukopenia and neutropenia: CBC and platelet counts should be checked before starting carbamazepine and the drug should be stopped in WBC < 3000 or PMN < 1500 3. Thrombocytopenia: In carbamazepine and alproic acid Most surgical series have shown no increase in bleeding complications or blood loss in patients treated with VPA. However, patients with acute head trauma treated with intravenous VPA had a trend toward a higher incidence of death than did patients treated with intravenous phenytoin. 4. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and decrease of fibrinogen levels and induction of von Willebrand disease type I: sodium Valproate. 5 - Local or generalized lymphadenopathy with or without systemic symptoms: phenytoin 6. Disseminated intravascular coagulation: DIC has usually presented during the first few weeks of therapy in children and has frequently been associated with rhabdomyolysis.6. Other: Occasional fatal bone marrow failure, myelodysplasia, and a clinical picture resembling acute promyelocytic leukemia have also been seen in patients taking valporate.